French Colonial Histories From Below

Vietnam and the Colonial Condition of French Literature

Origin of HIV type 1 in colonial French Equatorial Africa?

Sociocultural factors during the postcolonial period have been implicated as paramount in generating conditions that promoted both the origin and subsequent epidemic spread of HIV-1 in Africa. We suggest, however, that the origin of the disease may lie in the interaction between colonial practices (e.g., labor camps, nonsterile vaccination campaigns) and traditional bushmeat hunting in French E...

Intermediality, Rewriting Histories, and Identities in French Rap

In her article "Intermediality, Rewriting Histories and Identities in French Rap" Isabelle Marc Martínez analyzes aspects of French hip hop culture. As an example of resistant cultural manifestations, hip hop scenes all over the world develop strategies to subvert mainstream values and to replace them by new de-localized, contesting identities via intermedial and intertextual processes. In Fran...

Ultrasound and Corpus Study of a Change from Below: Vowel Rhoticity in Canadian French

While phonetically-motivated change from below is a fundamental concept in contemporary approaches to phonology and variation, empirical data is sparse (Cedergren, 1973; Trudgill, 1974; Labov 2001), partly because changes usually go unnoticed until long after their inception, and because articulatory data (which can shed light on phonetic motivations) is often unavailable. This paper documents ...

Constructing Cardinals from Below

If the initial segment Σ of Ω is a set, then it has a least strict upper bound S(Σ) ∈ Ω. Thus, for numbers α = S(Σ) and β = S(Σ′), α < β iff α ∈ Σ′; α = β iff Σ = Σ′; S(∅) is the least number 0 (although Cantor himself took the least number to be 1); if Σ has a greatest element γ, then α is its successor γ + 1; and if Σ is non-null and has no greatest element, then α is the least upper bound of...